Living Cells

Plant Growth and Growth Patterns

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1) All living things are composed of one or more , the basic units of life.
2) Plant and animal cells have a nucleus, and a cell membrane. Only plant cells have a cell wall, a large central vacuole and, sometimes, .
3) The cell's activities are controlled by the ; the cell's biological processes occur in the cytoplasm; the movement of substances in and out of the cell is controlled by the cell . A plant cell is supported by the cell ; its water content is regulated by the large ; for photosynthesis is contained in chloroplasts.
4) Yeast is a single-celled organism that produces and carbon dioxide during anaerobic respiration. The release of during baking makes the dough rise.
5) Yeast is used to produce alcohol during brewing, wine-making and the manufacture of alternative .
6) An is a substance made by one micro-organism that inhibits the growth of or kills other micro-organisms.
7) Many fungi make antibiotics that help them and survive in their natural habitats.
8) When bacteria are inhibited or killed by an antibiotic, they are said to be to it; when bacteria remain unaffected by an antibiotic, they are said to be to it.
9) A wide of antibiotics is needed because no one antibiotic is effective against all bacteria and many naturally resistant strains of bacteria exist.
10) Yoghurt bacteria produce , which coagulates soluble proteins in milk, forming yoghurt. By lowering the food's pH and thereby inhibiting the growth of other microbes, lactic acid acts as a .